Blood collection tubes and their functions
Simple and fast. At present, most medical departments use a syringe to collect blood. The method is to connect the needle and the syringe first, then pierce the vein, and use the negative pressure formed when the needle core is pulled back to make the blood flow into the syringe. After the blood collection is completed, the blood in the syringe is transferred into the test tube. Since the operator needs to use a large force to frequently draw the syringe, the hand will be damaged, which will bring certain difficulties to the flexibility, speed and accuracy of the operation. At the same time, the suction of the syringe and the transfer will cause certain damage to the blood cells, and may shorten the storage time of the blood sample. The one-time automatic quantitative vacuum blood collection tube is composed of a siliconized vacuum blood collection tube and a bidirectional blood collection needle. It cleverly uses the principle of vacuum negative pressure to draw the blood collection tube into different vacuum degrees to achieve the purpose of automatic quantitative. The two procedures of collection and injection of the syringe are "integrated into one". The transparent needle body is convenient for observing blood samples. It is especially suitable for large-scale physical examinations when multiple tubes of blood of different amounts need to be collected for multiple tests. Reduce repetitive operations, relieve pain, and ensure the accuracy of vacuum blood collection.
Accurate and reliable. The proportion of anticoagulants is scientific, and there is no need to configure additives by yourself, to avoid hemolysis, and to maintain the accuracy and stability of the proportion of blood and additives. The activation effect on the blood system is minimized, providing an experimental environment closer to the inside of the human body. The cap colors are international markings for easy identification, selection and classification.
Safe and effective. The blood collected by the blood collection device is completely closed for inspection. It is especially suitable for the possibility of no blood leakage and external contamination when collecting blood for outdoor physical examination. It is convenient and safe to transmit the specimen, and has good air tightness. Sometimes it takes a few days to send the blood specimen back to the hospital for examination when going to the local physical examination. The traditional method The collection tube is not conducive to the installation and placement, while the vacuum collection tube can be stored in the original state for a long time, and the results are not affected at room temperature. The psychological feeling of the operator is good and the inspection can be more satisfied. the result of. And improve the speed of serum and plasma precipitation, realize the one-tube operation of blood collection and inspection, directly on the machine, save the inspection operation time, so that the personnel who come for the medical examination can get the results as soon as possible, especially for those who are recruiting or transferring schools and urgently need to get the medical examination report. people.
Vacuum blood collection tube is a kind of blood collection tube with vacuum negative pressure. The extensive use of automated instruments and the preservation of blood have put forward higher requirements for the stability of the original characteristics of blood samples. , The original properties of the specimen, the maintenance time, the coordination of the tube machine, the strength of the test tube and other performance indicators can be used as the basis for evaluating the quality of the vacuum blood collection tube.
It has 9 types, which are distinguished according to the color of the hat.
1. Common serum tube with red cap, blood collection tube without additives, used for routine serum biochemistry, blood bank and serology related tests.
2. The orange-red head cover of the quick serum tube, there is a coagulant in the blood collection tube, which can activate fibrin, turn soluble fibrin into insoluble fibrin polymer, and then form a stable fibrin clot. The rapid serum tube can coagulate the collected blood within 5 minutes, and is suitable for emergency serum serial tests.
3. The golden cap of the inert separation gel accelerator tube, and the inert separation gel and coagulant are added to the blood collection tube. After the sample is centrifuged, the inert separation gel can completely separate the liquid components (serum or plasma) and solid components (red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, fibrin, etc.) in the blood and completely accumulate in the center of the test tube to form a barrier. keep it steady. Procoagulants can quickly activate the coagulation mechanism and accelerate the coagulation process, and are suitable for emergency serum biochemical tests.
4. The liver anticoagulation tube has a green cap, and heparin is added to the prime blood collection tube. Heparin directly has the effect of antithrombin, which can prolong the coagulation time of the specimen. It is suitable for red blood cell fragility test, blood gas analysis, hematocrit test, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and general energy biochemical determination, but not suitable for blood coagulation test. Excessive heparin can cause aggregation of white blood cells and cannot be used for white blood cell counts. It is also not suitable for leukocyte classification because it can make the blood film stained with a light blue background.
5. The light green head cover of the plasma separation tube, adding heparin lithium anticoagulant to the inert separation rubber tube, can achieve the purpose of rapid separation of plasma, which is the best choice for electrolyte detection, and can also be used for routine plasma biochemical measurement and emergency plasma such as ICU Biochemical testing. Plasma samples can be loaded directly on the machine and are stable for 48 hours under refrigeration.
6. EDTA anticoagulation tube purple cap, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA, molecular weight 292) and its salt is an amino polycarboxylic acid, which can effectively chelate calcium ions in blood samples, chelate calcium or react calcium Site removal will block and terminate the endogenous or exogenous coagulation process, thereby preventing the blood sample from coagulating. It is suitable for general hematological tests, not suitable for coagulation test and platelet function test, nor for the determination of calcium ion, potassium ion, sodium ion, iron ion, alkaline phosphatase, creatine kinase and leucine aminopeptidase and PCR test.
7. The sodium citrate coagulation test tube has a light blue cap. Sodium citrate plays an anticoagulant effect mainly by chelating with calcium ions in the blood sample. Applicable to coagulation experiments, the anticoagulant concentration recommended by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) is 3.2% or 3.8% (equivalent to 0.109mol/L or 0.129mol/L). The ratio of agent to blood is 1:9.
8. Sodium citrate erythrocyte sedimentation rate test tube With black cap, the sodium citrate concentration required for the erythrocyte sedimentation rate test is 3.2% (equivalent to 0.109mol/L). The ratio of anticoagulant to blood is 1:4.
9. Potassium oxalate/sodium fluoride gray cap, sodium fluoride is a weak anticoagulant, usually combined with potassium oxalate or sodium iodate, the ratio is 1 part of sodium fluoride, 3 parts of potassium oxalate . 4mg of this mixture can make 1ml of blood not coagulate and inhibit glycolysis within 23 days. It is a good preservative for blood glucose determination, and cannot be used for the determination of urea by urease method, nor for the determination of alkaline phosphatase and amylase. Recommended for blood sugar testing.
