Check the medical management of Lab Consumables waste
The wastes of the laboratory are mainly infectious, damaging, and chemical. The types of wastes in each studio are different. Different methods are adopted for the different wastes generated by each department. In order to prevent cross-infection, all household garbage and waste containers in the laboratory use trash cans, which not only facilitates the daily work of the inspectors, but also has a good visual effect, and can also prevent mosquitoes from invading and biting the dirt. , Dissemination. Special attention should be paid to the outer packaging of various reagent disposable products, which should be treated as domestic garbage if they are not contaminated by specimens.
Management of laboratory consumables waste
1. Laboratory waste disposal methods include:
1. Physical disinfection: There are mainly high-temperature and high-pressure sterilization and microwave sterilization.
2. Chemical disinfection: It is the most commonly used disinfection method for items contaminated by patients with infectious diseases.
3. Stacking and burying method: Due to the need to occupy a large amount of land, it causes serious waste of land resources.
4. Incineration treatment method: It is the safest, simplest and most effective treatment method.
5. Plasma technology: Its core is to transfer energy through plasma to quickly decompose waste into atoms. Most of the gas produced is combustible, and then it is discharged into the atmosphere through simple tail purification.
High temperature and high pressure sterilization is a commonly used method in the laboratory.
2. Disposal of laboratory consumables waste
1. Disposal of disposable medical supplies
In order to ensure that the disposable medical supplies do not flow into the society and cause iatrogenic infections after use, they must be disinfected and harmless first. The operator separates the used disposable syringe needle from the syringe, removes the plunger from the needle, and classifies it. Soak it in a hard lidded container with disinfectant configured as required. After soaking for 30 minutes, the personnel in charge of waste sorting management in each section will pack and weigh it. The disposable lancet is put into a special sharps box after use. The hospital will have someone to collect and process.
2. Handling of inspection samples
The laboratory samples include blood, body fluids, and excreta. The test samples come from patients and contain a large number of viruses and bacteria, which are extremely dangerous sources of infection. Discarded urine, stool and other body fluid specimens, together with their disposable containers, should be soaked in a large container containing effective chlorine disinfectant prepared as required for more than 30 minutes, removed, and packed in plastic bags that meet the standards for infectious waste It must be fastened so that there is no damage and no leakage. Then it is processed in the weighing center.
3. Waste disposal in the experiment
The waste in the experiment includes: the outer packaging of the kit, the reagent bottle, the enzyme-labeled plate, the sample addition head, and the bacterial identification drug sensitivity plate. The outer packaging of the kit is treated as domestic garbage. After use, the reagent bottles should be classified according to the reagents they contain, and they should be treated with acid or alkali first, and then soaked in the disinfectant prepared as required. After soaking for 30 minutes, they should be treated. The enzyme-labeled plate and sample addition head are immersed in the disinfectant prepared as required, and processed after soaking for 30 minutes. The cotton swabs, disposable inoculation loops, culture media, biochemical identification tubes, and bacteria identification and drug sensitivity plates used in the bacteria room must be treated with high temperature and high pressure before centralized treatment.
4. Disposal of instrument excrement
Most of the inspection waste liquids are chemical substances, and some even contain toxic substances, which will pollute the environment and water sources. Nowadays, the commonly used instruments and equipment in the laboratory are: automatic biochemical analyzer, plate washer, hemagglutination meter, blood rheometer, blood cell counter, blood gas analyzer, etc. Most of the instruments are equipped with special waste liquid collection barrels, and some units are full of waste liquid. It is very dangerous to pour it directly into the sewer without any treatment. For blood cell counters, some of the hemoglobin is measured by the methemoglobin method. The waste liquid contains a large amount of cyanide. The cyanide exists stably in the alkaline medium. In the acid medium, it will produce highly toxic cyanide. It is very dangerous for such waste liquid to be directly discharged into the sewer. Generally, it is required to add sodium hypochlorite for secondary decomposition under alkaline and neutral conditions. Some equipment uses heavy metals, and waste must be treated specially. Nowadays, many hospitals use special treatment to discharge the waste liquid directly into the special sewage treatment tank of the hospital, and the hospital will conduct centralized disinfection treatment and then discharge.
In simple terms, blood samples and disposable bacterial culture media are sterilized by high-pressure steam and put into yellow medical garbage bags and treated as medical waste. Sputum and stool specimens are placed in yellow medical garbage bags and treated as medical waste. Sharps such as needles and glass slides are placed in a sharps box and collected by hospital staff for centralized processing. Disposable consumables, such as suction filter tips, straws, rubber plugs, etc., are directly put into yellow garbage bags and treated as medical waste. All garbage in the laboratory should be separated strictly according to medical garbage and domestic garbage.
3. Precautions for disinfection of laboratory waste
1. When the waste generated in the experimental operation is treated with chemical disinfectants, the use of strong oxidizing and irritating disinfectants should be avoided as much as possible, and the dilution effect of the liquid on the disinfectant should also be considered for liquid waste.
2. After the experiment, first put the infectious waste into the package and seal it, and put it into the solid waste collection container to ensure biological safety.
3. Use leak-proof, high-temperature and high-pressure containers to contain liquid infectious waste. Vacuum mode is not recommended for the sterilization of liquid infectious waste to prevent the sterilized liquid from being drawn out of the sterilizer.
4. When sterilizing animal carcasses or organs, vacuum mode should not be used. Slow intake and exhaust methods should be used.
4. Laboratory waste disposal has the following requirements:
1. Any unit that produces experimental waste has the responsibility to scientifically and reasonably collect, temporarily store and harmlessly treat the experimental waste.
2. It is strictly forbidden to discharge the experimental waste into the sewer and any water source at will, and it is strictly prohibited to throw it away, pile up in corridors, aisles and other public areas, and do not mix domestic and experimental waste.
3. Each unit shall collect the hazardous experimental waste generated by classification, store it properly, attach a label to the collection container, indicate the name of the waste and other information, and ensure that the container is airtight and reliable. Not broken, not leaking. The waste collection and storage sites that do not meet the requirements will not be accepted and disposed of.
4. Chemical waste should be pretreated or recycled first, and measures should be taken to reduce the volume, weight, and degree of danger of chemical waste, so as to reduce the load of subsequent treatment and disposal. The recycling process of chemical waste should meet the requirements of relevant national and local regulations to avoid secondary pollution.
